China industrial clusters map

Guangdong

China's leading exporter and Saigalé's home ground. Within two hours' drive of Guangzhou, the province gathers most of the major consumer goods hubs.

• Shenzhen: Consumer electronics, components, connected devices, drones, LED screens. Huaqiangbei (market for components and small electronic devices), Bao’an and Longgang (assembly, connected devices, accessories), Shuibei (fine jewellery), Yantian (container port).
• Dongguan: The region's workshop: electronics, shoes, furniture, toys, moulds, ready-to-wear. Humen (women's ready-to-wear), Dalang (knitwear), Houjie (shoes and furniture), Chang’an (moulds, hardware, electronics).
• Foshan: Furniture, tiles and ceramics, aluminium profiles, home appliances. Lecong (furniture market and showrooms), Longjiang (furniture manufacturing), Nanzhuang (tiles and ceramics), Nanhai (aluminium profiles), Shunde (home appliances).
• Zhongshan: Lighting (Guzhen), locks and hardware, solid wood furniture, casual wear. Guzhen (light fittings, LED, decorative lighting), Xiaolan (locks, hardware), Dachong (solid wood furniture), Shaxi (casual wear).
• Guangzhou: The trading capital: textiles, leather goods, cosmetics, jewellery, with the largest wholesale markets. Baiyun (cosmetics and beauty products), Huadu (Shiling) (bags and leather goods), Zengcheng (Xintang) (jeans and denim), Haizhu (Zhongda) (fabric market), Shahe (wholesale clothing market), Panyu (jewellery).
• Huizhou: Consumer electronics, batteries, shoes. Huicheng and Zhongkai (electronics and batteries), Huidong (Pinghai) (shoes).
• Zhuhai: Air conditioning and home appliances, printer consumables.
• Jiangmen: Taps and sanitary ware (Kaiping), motorcycles and scooters, stainless steel. Kaiping (Shuikou) (taps and sanitary ware), Dachangjiang (motorcycles and scooters).
• Zhaoqing: Electric vehicles and components.
• Shantou: Toys and gift items (Chenghai), underwear and hosiery (Gurao). Chenghai (toys, plush toys, gift items), Gurao (Chaoyang) (underwear and hosiery).
• Chaozhou: Porcelain and ceramic tableware (Fengxi), stainless steel tableware and utensils (Chao’an). Fengxi (porcelain, ceramics, sanitary ware), Chao’an (stainless steel tableware and utensils).
• Yangjiang: Knives, scissors and cutlery.
• Yunfu: Natural stone processing: marble, granite, slabs.
• Hong Kong: A hub for trading, air freight and trade finance.

Zhejiang

The province of small businesses: hundreds of towns each specialised in a single product. Strong in textiles, hardware, small appliances and e-commerce.

• Yiwu: The world's largest wholesale market for small goods: party decorations, costume jewellery, stationery, accessories.
• Ningbo: Small home appliances (Cixi), moulds, plastics, stationery. One of the world's largest ports.
• Hangzhou: E-commerce, video surveillance, silk.
• Shaoxing: Fabrics (Keqiao), socks (Datang), freshwater pearls, ties. Keqiao (china's largest fabric market), Zhuji (Datang) (socks), Zhuji (Shanxiahu) (freshwater pearls), Shengzhou (ties).
• Wenzhou: Shoes, low-voltage electrical equipment, lighters, eyewear. Yueqing and Liushi (low-voltage electrical equipment), Lucheng and Ouhai (shoes, eyewear, lighters).
• Taizhou: Plastic moulds (Huangyan), pumps and compressors (Wenling), auto parts, sewing machines.
• Yongkang: Hardware, tools, vacuum flasks, sports equipment.
• Huzhou: Children's clothing (Zhili), office chairs and bamboo products (Anji).
• Jiaxing: Leather and fur (Haining), knitwear and fur (Tongxiang).

Jiangsu

Heavier, more technological industry: precision electronics, machinery, new energy, plus a few historic textile hubs.

• Suzhou: Electronics and components (Kunshan), semiconductors, silk and textiles (Wujiang), garment making (Changshu).
• Wuxi: Machinery, sensors and connected devices, textiles and metallurgy (Jiangyin).
• Changzhou: Batteries, solar panels, motors, transport equipment.
• Nantong: Home textiles, shipbuilding, marine machinery.
• Xuzhou: Construction machinery and lifting equipment.
• Nanjing: Electronics, petrochemicals, automotive.
• Zhenjiang: Eyewear and optical lenses (Danyang).

Fujian

The province of footwear, sportswear and stone, strongly export-oriented, plus a major battery hub in the north.

• Quanzhou: Shoes and sportswear (Jinjiang), ready-to-wear (Shishi), stone and sanitary ware (Nan’an), porcelain (Dehua). Jinjiang (shoes and sportswear), Shishi (ready-to-wear), Nan’an (stone, sanitary ware, taps), Dehua (white porcelain).
• Xiamen: Electronics, machinery, international port.
• Putian: Shoes, furniture and carved wood items (Xianyou).
• Fuzhou: Fibres and textiles (Changle), electronics.
• Ningde: Lithium batteries, stainless steel.
• Zhangzhou: Food processing, canned food, seafood.

Shandong

A large industrial province in the north: home appliances, wood, machinery, textiles and food processing, with major ports (Qingdao, Yantai).

• Qingdao: Home appliances and electronics (Haier, Hisense), tyres, shipbuilding, major port.
• Linyi: Wood panels and plywood, a large logistics and wholesale centre.
• Zibo: Ceramics, glass, chemicals.
• Weifang: Diesel engines, agricultural machinery.
• Yantai: Wine, fruit, machinery and foundries.
• Binzhou: Integrated textiles (Zouping), aluminium.
• Liaocheng: Bearings (Linqing).
• Heze: Stage costumes and hanfu, wooden products (Caoxian).
• Jinan: Heavy trucks and machinery.

Shanghai

The world's largest container port and a trading centre. Many corporate headquarters and sourcing companies, little volume manufacturing of consumer goods.

• Shanghai: Yangshan port, semiconductors (Zhangjiang), automotive, biomedical, buying and sourcing offices. Pudong (port, semiconductors, biomedical), Jiading (automotive), Songjiang and Minhang (electronics and machinery).

Beijing

The capital of decision-making and research: headquarters, artificial intelligence, software. Very little mass manufacturing.

• Beijing: Research, software, corporate headquarters, some high-end equipment.

Tianjin

Northern China's port, with heavy industry and aircraft assembly.

• Tianjin: Major northern port, aircraft assembly, chemicals, automotive.

Hebei

A province of specialised towns around Beijing: bags, cashmere, wire mesh, steel and ceramics.

• Baigou: The capital of luggage and bags.
• Qinghe: The main cashmere hub.
• Anping: Wire mesh and metal fencing.
• Tangshan: Steel, ceramics and porcelain.
• Gaobeidian: Furniture and doors.

Shanxi

A coal and steel province, with very little focus on consumer goods.

• Taiyuan: Coal, coke, steel, vinegar.

Inner Mongolia

Energy, rare earths and dairy, far from the consumer goods hubs.

• Baotou: Rare earths and steel.
• Hohhot: Milk and dairy products.
• Ordos: Cashmere.

Liaoning

North-eastern heavy industry: machinery, shipbuilding, automotive and petrochemicals.

• Dalian: Port, shipbuilding, machinery, software.
• Shenyang: Automotive, robots, machine tools.

Jilin

China's historic automotive capital, and a rolling stock centre.

• Changchun: Automotive (FAW) and trains.

Heilongjiang

Heavy equipment, energy and large-scale agriculture.

• Harbin: Heavy power equipment, food processing.
• Daqing: Oil and petrochemicals.

Anhui

A fast-rising province: screens, electric vehicles and home appliances, beyond its traditional hubs.

• Hefei: Screens, electric vehicles, home appliances.
• Wuhu: Automotive (Chery), robots.

Jiangxi

Porcelain, furniture, rare earths and new energy, with lower costs than the coast.

• Jingdezhen: The porcelain capital.
• Ganzhou: Furniture (Nankang), rare earths and tungsten.
• Xinyu: Solar panels.
• Yichun: Lithium.

Henan

One of the major bases for electronics assembly, plus food processing and hair products.

• Zhengzhou: Large-scale electronics assembly (Foxconn), air freight.
• Luohe: Meat processing.
• Luoyang: Tractors and bearings.
• Xuchang: Wigs and hair extensions.

Hubei

Optoelectronics, automotive and steel around Wuhan.

• Wuhan: Optoelectronics, automotive, steel.
• Xiantao: Non-woven fabrics, masks, protective equipment.
• Shiyan: Trucks and parts.

Hunan

Construction machinery and rolling stock, plus a one-of-a-kind fireworks hub.

• Changsha: Construction machinery (Sany, Zoomlion), screens.
• Zhuzhou: Rolling stock.
• Liuyang: Fireworks.

Guangxi

Automotive in Liuzhou, synthetic stones in Wuzhou, and a major gateway to ASEAN.

• Liuzhou: Automotive (Wuling), steel, machinery.
• Wuzhou: Synthetic stones and gems.
• Nanning: Cross-border trade with ASEAN.

Hainan

An island with special status and a free trade port. Little industry, tropical products.

• Haikou: Tropical products, pharmaceuticals, free trade port.

Chongqing

Cars, motorcycles, laptops, and freight trains to Europe.

• Chongqing: Cars, motorcycles, laptops, China–Europe rail freight.

Sichuan

Electronics and semiconductors around Chengdu, spirits and heavy equipment.

• Chengdu: Electronics and semiconductors, China–Europe rail freight.
• Mianyang: Home appliances and electronics.
• Zigong: Lanterns and festive decorations.
• Yibin: Grain spirits (baijiu).
• Deyang: Heavy power equipment.

Guizhou

Data centres and spirits, few consumer goods.

• Guiyang: Data centres.
• Renhuai: Grain spirit (baijiu).

Yunnan

Cut flowers, tea, coffee and non-ferrous metals.

• Kunming: Cut flowers.
• Pu’er: Tea and coffee.
• Gejiu: Tin.

Tibet

Livestock and hydropower, no consumer goods export hub.

Shaanxi

Aerospace, semiconductors and automotive around Xi’an.

• Xi’an: Semiconductors, aerospace, automotive.
• Baoji: Titanium.

Gansu

Petrochemicals, nickel and wind power.

• Lanzhou: Petrochemicals.
• Jinchang: Nickel.

Qinghai

Lithium and potash from the salt lakes.

• Golmud: Lithium and potash.

Ningxia

Goji, wine and coal chemicals.

• Yinchuan: Goji, wine, coal chemicals.

Xinjiang

Cotton, tomatoes, energy and polysilicon. A region subject to specific traceability requirements.

• Urumqi: Cotton, tomato paste, polysilicon.
• Shihezi: Cotton and agro-industry.